SPEECH ACTS USED BY THE SIXTH SEMESTER STUDENTS IN MAINTAINING CLASSROOM COMMUNICATION IN MICROTEACHING
1. INTRODUCTION
Communication is the media of human interaction to share ideas and feelings. It is important to reflect what we want to deliver. In delivering our intentions, it depends on the using of language which is represented by words.
According to Austin (1962) in Thomas (1945:49), speech acts is how to do things with words. Austin made three distinctions; locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary. Locutionary is the actual words uttered, illocutionary is the force or intention based the words, and perlocutionary is the effect of the illocution on the hearer.
Oliver (1970) argues microteaching as a scaled down sample of actual teaching which generally lasts ten to thirty minutes and involves five to ten students. From that definition we can conclude that micro teaching is mini teaching process which is conducted in certain duration which involves small group students.
According to Sutton (2008) communication in classroom is more complex and unpredictable than in many other situations. From that argument we can see that teachers should know well how to deliver their intention. This situation is closely related with the concept of speech acts. Therefore, I want to conduct a study analyses speech acts used by teacher-students in maintaining classroom communication in micro teaching, in this case are the sixth semester students of Semarang State University. There are several reasons for choosing the topic. First, I want to know the types of speech acts used by the sixth semester students in maintaining classroom communication in micro teaching. Second, I also want to know how to deliver our intentions effectively while we are teaching.
2. OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study are:
1.) To find out the types of speech acts were used by the sixth semester students in maintaining classroom communication in micro teaching.
2.) To find out the speech acts which were dominantly used by the sixth semester students in maintaining classroom communication in micro teaching.
3. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
In doing this study I preview a prevous study from Muhammad Agus Nur Sholeh (2009) entitled A Speech Acts of Martin Luther King, Jr’s Speech Entitled “I Have a Dream”. The analysis is based on the theory from Yule (1995). The study found out 50 utterances of speech acts. Each kind of speech acts is ranked based on its frequency and made percentage of them. Representative speech act is most commonly used by Martin Luther King, Jr. Directive speech is the second most commonly used. Third is declaration speech acts.
Speech Acts
Austin (1962) in Levinson (1983;228) states that speech acts are not just to say things, i.e: describe states of affairs, but rather actively to do things. However, when we are talking about speech acts we will come to the conclusion that whenever people talk they not only deliver statements but also convey intended action behind their utterances.
Micro Teaching
Eve and Allen (1968) suggest that microteaching is defined as a system of controlled that makes it possible to concentrate on specified teaching behavior and to practice teaching under controlled condition.
4. ANALYSIS
There are several steps which are taken to collect the data. Those steps are explained as follows:
(1) Watching
It refers to watch the videos of student-teachers microteaching.
(2) Transcribing
It refers to transcribe the student-teachers utterances during micro teaching.
(3) Simplifying
It refers to simplify the data which contains speech acts that are to be analyzed.
(4) Classifying
This step refers to classify the data into the types of speech acts.
(5) Inventorying
It refers to listing the classified the data into table. The table consists of five columns; number, utterance, type of speech acts and interpretation.
(6) Concluding
It refers to drawing the conclusions of the study. They are the types of speech acts used by student-teachers in Micro Teaching and the frequency of using speech acts in micro teaching.
5. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION
The study of speech acts deals with pragmatics. Therefore, in English Department of Semarang State University pragmatics can be taught deeply either for student of education and literature. For English teacher, the understanding about speech acts will make them comprehend well in delivering their intention in maintaining classroom communication. Thus, the objectives of the lesson can be achieved.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Fitriani, Wigit. 2010. Speech Acts Used by the Fifth Semester Students in Micro Teaching of Semarang State University. Final Project Semarang State University.
Soleh, Muhammad Agus Nur. 2009. A Speech Act of Martin Luther King, Jr’s Speech entitled “I Have a Dream”. Final Project Semarang State University.
Pragmatics. Online at http://www.gxnu.edu.cn/Personal/szliu/definition.html [ accessed on 19/06/2013 ]
